Mountain Terminology

Avalanche: Huge mass of unstable snow, ice or debris that set down in motion from a particular point due to various factor

Avalanche

Track: Path of avalanche

Runout zone: Zone where snow accumulates after avalanche and it is supposed to be safest route to cross avalanche

Glacier: River of ice

Ridge: Joining part of two slopes of the mountain or hill

Col: Depression between two high mountains

Pass or La: Depression between two low mountains

Valley: Depression with predominant extent in one direction

Neve: Birthplace of glacier

Icefalls: Glacier breaks and form icefall when a glacier pass over changing angle or direction of ground

Crevasse

Crevasse: Gaps in the glacier It could be open or hidden under the snow

Bergschrund: Large crevasse between slope of moving glacier and the base of the mountain

Huge Lateral Moraine

Moraine: Accumulation of rocks, debris, boulders brought down by glacier. Moraines are classified as lateral, medieval and terminal moraine

Snot: End portion of glacier from which glacier stream starts

Tarn: Temporary lakes in glacier

Cornice

Cornice: Overhanging snow along a ridge typically formed due to high speed wind over the ridge

Seracs

Serac: Tower of pinnacle of ice formed mainly in icefalls

Snowbridge: Bridge of snow over crevasse or stream of water

Verglas: Thin coating of ice on a rock surface or glass

Crust: Thin icy layer of snow

Snowflume: Cloud of snow

Glacier Table: Unstable rock settles on an ice that looks like a table

Icicles: A spike of ice formed due to freezing of falling water

Bivouac: Temporary shelter

Carrein: Pyramid of stone placed on the way to mark the route

Treeline: Imaginary line from above which there are no tree

Snowline: Imaginary line from above which snow are permanent

Glasis: Rock/Ice with upto 30 degrees of inclination

Slab: Rock/Ice with 30-75 degrees of inclination

Wall: Rock/Ice with 75-90 degrees of inclination

Overhang: Rock/Ice with inclination larger than 90 degrees

Chimney (Its me doing the chimney)

Chimney: A rock cleft with vertical sides mostly parallel, large enough to fit the climber's body into

Chalkstone: Stone jammed in a crack or chimney

Capstone: Stone over a crack

Arete: Sharp ridge or knife edge in a rocky ridge

Scree: Small, loose, broken rocks, often at the base of a cliff

Gendarme: Pinnacle or pointed rock in a rocky ridge

More terminology related to climbing and mountaineering can be found at following page:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_climbing_terms